山東MNS低壓抽屜柜關(guān)聯(lián)的高壓開關(guān)柜，遠(yuǎn)方分合閘怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)？

　　How to remotely open and close the high-voltage switchgear associated with the Shandong MNS low-voltage drawer cabinet?

　　在山東電氣成套設(shè)備的配置中，變壓器作為電力轉(zhuǎn)換的核心部件，其配套的高壓進(jìn)線開關(guān)選型直接關(guān)系到設(shè)備和運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性。不少企業(yè)采購或運(yùn)維山東電氣成套設(shè)備時(shí)，都會(huì)困惑：多大容量的變壓器該用負(fù)荷開關(guān)，多大的該用斷路器？負(fù)荷開關(guān)與熔斷器又適配哪些情況？其實(shí)答案很明確，核心就是看變壓器的容量大小。今天就專門圍繞這個(gè)問題科普，幫大家理清不同容量變壓器對(duì)應(yīng)的開關(guān)選型邏輯。

　　In the configuration of Shandong Electric's complete set of equipment, transformers are the core components of power conversion, and the selection of their matching high-voltage incoming line switches directly affects the safety and operational stability of the equipment. Many companies are confused when purchasing or operating complete sets of equipment from Shandong Electric: what capacity transformer should use a load switch, and what size should use a circuit breaker? What are the suitable situations for load switches and fuses? The answer is actually very clear, the core is to look at the capacity of the transformer. Today, we will focus on this topic to popularize science and help everyone clarify the switch selection logic corresponding to transformers of different capacities.

　　先給大家梳理一下核心部件，看懂這些部件的作用，原理就好理解了。在高壓開關(guān)柜的遠(yuǎn)方分合閘控制回路中，有一個(gè)核心“大腦”——微機(jī)保護(hù)裝置（原理圖中標(biāo)注為1n），里面集成了兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵繼電器：YTJ是遙控跳閘繼電器，YHJ是遙控合閘繼電器，這兩個(gè)繼電器是接收遠(yuǎn)程指令的核心部件。除此之外，還有合閘保持繼電器（HBJ）和跳閘保持繼電器（TBJ），它們負(fù)責(zé)確保合閘或跳閘動(dòng)作能穩(wěn)定完成。另外，還有轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)、壓板等輔助部件，共同構(gòu)成完整的控制回路。

　　Let me first outline the core components and understand their functions, so that we can better understand their principles. In the remote opening and closing control circuit of the high-voltage switchgear, there is a core "brain" - the microcomputer protection device (marked as 1n in the schematic diagram), which integrates two key relays: YTJ is the remote tripping relay, YHJ is the remote closing relay, and these two relays are the core components for receiving remote commands. In addition, there are closing holding relays (HBJ) and tripping holding relays (TBJ), which are responsible for ensuring that the closing or tripping action can be completed stably. In addition, there are auxiliary components such as conversion switches and pressure plates, which together form a complete control circuit.

　　咱們先講遠(yuǎn)方合閘的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程，這是高壓開關(guān)柜投入運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵一步。，正電源會(huì)接入控制回路，工作人員需要把轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)打到“遠(yuǎn)方”模式，這時(shí)回路中的19-20觸點(diǎn)會(huì)接通，相當(dāng)于給遠(yuǎn)方控制“解鎖”。之后，電流會(huì)通過壓板傳輸?shù)轿C(jī)保護(hù)裝置一側(cè)，當(dāng)后臺(tái)發(fā)出遠(yuǎn)方合閘指令時(shí)，微機(jī)保護(hù)裝置里的YHJ（遙控合閘繼電器）就會(huì)瞬時(shí)動(dòng)作閉合——這里要注意，YHJ是瞬動(dòng)型繼電器，收到指令后會(huì)立刻響應(yīng)。

　　Let's first talk about the implementation process of remote closing, which is a crucial step in the operation of high-voltage switchgear. Firstly, the positive power supply will be connected to the control circuit, and the staff needs to turn the conversion switch to the "remote" mode. At this time, the 19-20 contacts in the circuit will be connected, which is equivalent to unlocking the remote control. Afterwards, the current will be transmitted to one side of the microcomputer protection device through the pressure plate. When a remote closing command is issued from the background, the YHJ (remote closing relay) in the microcomputer protection device will instantly close - it should be noted that YHJ is an instantaneous relay that will respond immediately upon receiving the command.

　　YHJ閉合后，電流會(huì)進(jìn)入微機(jī)保護(hù)裝置內(nèi)部，接著傳輸?shù)紿BJ（合閘保持繼電器），HBJ會(huì)隨之動(dòng)作。一旦HBJ動(dòng)作，它對(duì)應(yīng)的觸點(diǎn)就會(huì)閉合，形成穩(wěn)定的電流通路，這個(gè)電流會(huì)直接驅(qū)動(dòng)高壓開關(guān)柜內(nèi)的斷路器，完成合閘動(dòng)作?？赡苡信笥褧?huì)問，為啥需要HBJ這個(gè)合閘保持繼電器？因?yàn)閅HJ是瞬動(dòng)型的，只能短暫閉合，而合閘動(dòng)作需要穩(wěn)定的電流驅(qū)動(dòng)，HBJ的作用就是在YHJ斷開后，繼續(xù)保持電流通路，確保合閘動(dòng)作完整、可靠，避免出現(xiàn)“合閘中途失敗”的情況。

　　After YHJ is closed, the current will enter the microcomputer protection device and then be transmitted to HBJ (closing and holding relay), and HBJ will act accordingly. Once the HBJ is activated, its corresponding contact will close, forming a stable current path. This current will directly drive the circuit breaker inside the high-voltage switchgear to complete the closing action. Some friends may ask, why do we need the HBJ closing and holding relay? Because YHJ is a momentary action type, it can only be closed briefly, and the closing action requires stable current drive. The function of HBJ is to continue to maintain the current path after YHJ is disconnected, ensuring the integrity and reliability of the closing action and avoiding the situation of "failure during closing".

　　再來說遠(yuǎn)方跳閘的原理，和合閘過程類似，只是核心繼電器和控制邏輯不同。當(dāng)需要遠(yuǎn)程切斷電路時(shí)，工作人員在后臺(tái)發(fā)出遠(yuǎn)方跳閘指令，這時(shí)控制回路中對(duì)應(yīng)跳閘的觸點(diǎn)會(huì)閉合，電流會(huì)沿著預(yù)設(shè)的通路傳輸過來，直接觸發(fā)TBJ（跳閘保持繼電器）動(dòng)作。TBJ動(dòng)作后，它前面的觸點(diǎn)會(huì)隨之閉合，形成穩(wěn)定的跳閘電流回路，這個(gè)電流會(huì)驅(qū)動(dòng)斷路器的跳閘機(jī)構(gòu)，讓斷路器快速斷開，完成遠(yuǎn)方跳閘。同樣，TBJ的作用是保持跳閘電流的穩(wěn)定，確保跳閘動(dòng)作徹底完成，避免出現(xiàn)“跳閘不徹底”導(dǎo)致的電路故障。

　　Speaking of the principle of remote tripping, it is similar to the closing process, except that the core relay and control logic are different. When it is necessary to remotely cut off the circuit, the staff will issue a remote tripping command in the background. At this time, the corresponding tripping contacts in the control circuit will close, and the current will be transmitted along the preset path, directly triggering the TBJ (trip holding relay) action. After the action of TBJ, its front contacts will close, forming a stable tripping current circuit. This current will drive the tripping mechanism of the circuit breaker, allowing it to quickly disconnect and complete remote tripping. Similarly, the function of TBJ is to maintain the stability of the tripping current, ensure that the tripping action is completely completed, and avoid circuit faults caused by "incomplete tripping".

　　這里要給大家補(bǔ)充兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵注意點(diǎn)，這也是保障遠(yuǎn)方分合閘可靠運(yùn)行的核心。個(gè)是轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)的模式切換，必須確認(rèn)打到“遠(yuǎn)方”模式，19-20觸點(diǎn)接通后，遠(yuǎn)方指令才能生效；如果在“就地”模式，遠(yuǎn)方指令是無法觸發(fā)繼電器動(dòng)作的，這是為了避免就地操作和遠(yuǎn)方操作沖突。第二個(gè)是壓板的作用，壓板相當(dāng)于控制回路的“開關(guān)”，投入壓板后回路才接通，退出壓板則遠(yuǎn)方控制失效，日常運(yùn)維中可以通過壓板快速隔離控制回路，方便檢修。

　　Here are two key points to note, which are also the core of ensuring reliable operation of remote switching. The first one is the mode switching of the transfer switch, which must be confirmed to be in the "remote" mode. The remote command can only take effect after the 19-20 contacts are connected; If in "local" mode, remote commands cannot trigger relay actions, in order to avoid conflicts between local and remote operations. The second function is the pressure plate, which acts as a "safety switch" for the control circuit. The circuit is only connected when the pressure plate is activated, and remote control fails when the pressure plate is deactivated. In daily operation and maintenance, the pressure plate can be used to quickly isolate the control circuit for easy maintenance.

　　對(duì)山東本地企業(yè)的運(yùn)維人員來說，了解這個(gè)原理有啥實(shí)際意義呢？一方面，能快速排查遠(yuǎn)方分合閘故障，比如遇到遠(yuǎn)方無法合閘時(shí)，可先檢查轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)是否在遠(yuǎn)方模式、合閘壓板是否投入，再排查YHJ和HBJ繼電器是否正常動(dòng)作；另一方面，能更規(guī)范地操作設(shè)備，避免誤操作導(dǎo)致的事故。另外，山東MNS低壓抽屜柜與高壓開關(guān)柜聯(lián)動(dòng)運(yùn)行時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)方分合閘功能能讓整個(gè)配電系統(tǒng)的控制更，尤其適合大型工廠、車間等大面積配電場景，減少運(yùn)維人員的現(xiàn)場奔波。

　　What is the practical significance for the operation and maintenance personnel of local enterprises in Shandong to understand this principle? On the one hand, it can quickly troubleshoot remote opening and closing faults. For example, when encountering remote failure to close, it can first check whether the transfer switch is in remote mode, whether the closing pressure plate is engaged, and then check whether the YHJ and HBJ relays are working properly; On the other hand, it can operate the equipment more standardized and avoid safety accidents caused by misoperation. In addition, when the Shandong MNS low-voltage drawer cabinet is linked with the high-voltage switchgear, the remote opening and closing function can make the control of the entire power distribution system more efficient, especially suitable for large-scale power distribution scenarios such as large factories and workshops, reducing the on-site travel of operation and maintenance personnel.

　　總結(jié)下來，高壓開關(guān)柜的遠(yuǎn)方分合閘，核心是靠“微機(jī)保護(hù)裝置+專用繼電器+控制回路”的協(xié)同工作：合閘靠YHJ觸發(fā)、HBJ保持，跳閘靠TBJ觸發(fā)保持，再通過轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)和壓板保障操作。這種設(shè)計(jì)不僅提升了運(yùn)維效率，還降低了現(xiàn)場操作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，與山東MNS低壓抽屜柜配合使用時(shí)，能讓整個(gè)配電系統(tǒng)更智能、更可靠。如果大家在實(shí)際運(yùn)維中遇到遠(yuǎn)方分合閘相關(guān)問題，不妨先對(duì)照原理圖檢查核心部件和回路，也可以咨詢的山東電氣成套廠家獲取技術(shù)支持。

　　In summary, the remote opening and closing of high-voltage switchgear relies on the collaborative work of "microcomputer protection device+dedicated relay+control circuit": closing is triggered by YHJ and maintained by HBJ, tripping is triggered and maintained by TBJ, and operation safety is guaranteed through transfer switches and pressure plates. This design not only improves operation and maintenance efficiency, but also reduces safety risks during on-site operations. When used in conjunction with Shandong MNS low-voltage drawer cabinets, it can make the entire distribution system more intelligent and reliable. If you encounter problems related to remote switching in actual operation and maintenance, you may first check the core components and circuits by referring to the schematic diagram, or consult a professional Shandong Electric complete set manufacturer for technical support.

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